This chapter consists of articles on the evolution of cycads. Because of the large size (see note below) of the first article, you will be given three choices to view it. Select the choice that best fits your computer/modem status and click on the corresponding link.

• A Brief Review of the Fossil Cycads* by Bob Buckley 
  (full PDF** document--2.8 Mb)
• A Brief Review of the Fossil Cycads* by Bob Buckley 
  (separate PDF** files, corresponding to the various sections of the article--400 Kb max)
• A Brief Review of the Fossil Cycads* by Bob Buckley 
  (individual HTML pages--200 Kb max)
  .
• Geologic Timetable (adapted from Wallace, R.A. 1997. Biology, the World of Life, 7^th ed. Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., Menlo Park, CA.)

Three-part series on the evolution of "coal" plants:
(reprinted from the Nature Bulletin of the Forest Preserve District of Cook County (Illinois))

• The First Coal Plants
• Plants of the Coal Age
• "Modern" Coal Plants

* This article was originally written as a large PDF document and is best viewed as such. However, because of its large size, we have provided three different ways in which it can be accessed. If you have a fast modem connection, you should choose the full PDF document; if you have a moderate connection, you should choose the separate PDF files; and if you have a slow connection, you should view the pages as normal HTML.

** Note also that the PDF documents must be viewed using the Adobe Acrobat Reader plug-in. Your computer will tell you if you do not have the plug-in when you click on a PDF document. If not, you can download it free from the Adobe website at http://www.adobe.com/prodindex/acrobat/readstep.html.

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