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- 3D Reconstruction of the Antennal Lobe of
Drosophila melanoga
- 3D Reconstruction of the Antennal Lobe of Drosophila melanogaster
We present the first three-dimensional map of the antennal lobe of D. melanogaster, based on confocal microscopic analysis of glomeruli stained with the neuropil-specific monoclonal antibody nc82. The analysis of confocal stacks allowed us to identify glomeruli according to the criteria shape, size, position and intensity of antibody labeling. Forty glomeruli were labeled by nc82, eight of which have not been described before. Three glomeruli previously shown exclusively by backfills were not discernible in nc82 stainings. Six glomeruli consist of distinct, but contiguous structural units, termed 'compartments'. Glomerular variability observed occasionally between males and females is in the same range as between individuals of the same sex, suggesting the lack of a significant sexual dimorphism in the glomerular pattern. An important goal of this work was to create these 3D reference models of the antennal lobe, which are all accessible on-line.
- Central Complex Architectures
- Computational requirements for Flybrain
- Descending Neurons of the Vertical Cell and Ocellar System (DNOVS)
- Dictyostelium Genome Analysis
Data for the genome of Dictyostelium are available via blast. Shotgun reads of the whole genome as well as data for single chromosomes are displayed
- GAL4-responsive UAS-tau as a tool for studying the anatomy and
- Giant Fibre Pathway
- IPK Gatersleben: Mansfeld-Server: IPK Projects
Welcome to the Mansfeld Server of the IPK Gatersleben: IPK Projects
- Linking Neuroblasts to Their Corresponding Lineage
Development of the central nervous system (CNS) in Drosophila starts with the delamination from the neuroectoderm of about 30 neuroblasts (NBs) per hemineuromere, giving rise to approximately 330 - 350 neurons and 30 glial cells. Understanding the mechanisms leading to cell fate specification and differentiation in the CNS requires the identification of the NB lineages. Here we present the combined data from Bossing et al. (1996) and Schmidt et al. (1997), i.e. 29 embryonic NB lineages. With one exception we were able to link these lineages to the corresponding NBs. Two NBs give rise to glial progeny exclusively (GP, NB 6-4A), seven NB lineages are composed of glial cells as well as neurons (NB 1-1A, 1-3, 2-2T, 2-5, 5-6, 6-4T and 7-4) while the other NB lineages only contain neuronal cells.
- Optic Lobe Development in 3rd Instar and Early Pupal Stages
The resources provided here are intended to enable researchers to compare enhancer trap or gene expression patterns to reference stainings and to clarify the complex topology of the early optic lobe. The developing lamina is the projection area of the ingrowing photoreceptors. The actual lamina neuropil is only a very thin layer in the larval stage. The lamina surrounds the inner cell plug, which derives from the inner optic anlage. The lamina itself is proliferated from the outer optic anlage (OOA). The Bolwig nerve connects the larval photoreceptors with the larval optic neuropil, which is situated at the base of the medulla. The inner optic anlage (IOA) is the proliferation region which creates neurons of the lobula and proximal medulla. The distal medulla neuropil is the projection area of long retinula cells R7 and R8 and of lamina monopolar neurons. Here connections are made to dendrites of transmedulla neurons derived from the OOA. The proximal medulla neuropil contains the aborizations of neurons formed by the IOA as well as branches of transmedulla neurons that project to the lobula complex. Those cells that project from the lobula complex neuropils to central brain regions are derivatives of the IOA. The inner cell plug built by the IOA contains the population of T and C cells.
- Overview of Flybrain
- Renditions of 3D Structures
- Synaptic neuropils of the Drosophila brain
- The Drosophila mushroom body is a quadruple structure of clonal units
The mushroom body (MB) is an important centre for higher-order sensory integration and learning in insects. To analyse the development and organisation of the MB neuropile in Drosophila, we performed cell lineage analysis in the adult brain with a new technique that combines the flippase (flp) / FRT system and the GAL4 / UAS system (FRT-GAL4 system) (Fig. 2). We showed that the four mushroom body neuroblasts (MBNbs) give birth exclusively to the neurones and glial cells of the MB, and that each of the four MBNb clones contributes to the entire MB structure (Fig. 3). The expression patterns of 19 GAL4 enhancer-trap strains that mark various subsets of MB cells revealed overlapping cell types in all four of the MBNb lineages (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). Partial ablation of MBNbs using hydroxyurea showed that each of the four neuroblasts autonomously generates the entire repertoire of the known MB substructures (Fig. 6). Thus, we conclude that the MB is a four-fold structure of clonal units each of which contains an essentially identical set of neurones and glial cells (summarised in Fig. 1).
- The Flybrain 3D-Project
- The Major Brain Centers
- What's New in Flybrain
© 2000 by Kurt Stüber