ENTRY       EC 4.2.1.84
NAME        Nitrile hydratase
            Nitrilase
CLASS       Lyases
            Carbon-oxygen lyases
            Hydro-lyases
SYSNAME     Nitrile hydro-lyase
REACTION    an Aliphatic amide = a Nitrile + H2O
SUBSTRATE   Aliphatic amide
            Alkylnitrile
            Acrylonitrile
            H2O
            4-Cyanopyridine
            2-Cyanopyridine
            Cyanopyrazine
PRODUCT     Nitrile
            H2O
            Alkylamide
            Acrylamide
            Isonicotineamide
            Picolinamide
            Pyrazinamide
INHIBITOR   Phenylhydrazine
            Semicarbazide
            Isobutyronitrile
COFACTOR    Iron
            Cobalt
            Pyrroloquinoline quinone
COMMENT     Acts on short-chain aliphatic nitriles, converting them into the
            corresponding acid amides. Does not act on these amides or on
            aromatic nitriles. (cf. EC 3.5.5.1)
            Enzyme from Pseudomonas and Brevibacterium contains non-heme iron
            (low-spin Fe-III) and PQQ, but enzyme from Rhodococcus contains
            cobalt and PQQ.  Cobalt enzyme acts on aromatic nitriles, but
            iron enzyme does not.
PATHWAY     PATH: MAP00380  Tryptophan metabolism
            PATH: MAP00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
DBLINKS     University of Geneva ENZYME DATA BANK: 4.2.1.84
            WIT (What Is There) Metabolic Reconstruction: 4.2.1.84
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