ENTRY       EC 4.1.1.15
NAME        Glutamate decarboxylase
CLASS       Lyases
            Carbon-carbon lyases
            Carboxy-lyases
SYSNAME     L-Glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase
REACTION    L-Glutamate = 4-Aminobutanoate + CO2
SUBSTRATE   L-Glutamate
            L-Cysteate
            3-Sulfino-L-alanine
            L-Aspartate
PRODUCT     4-Aminobutanoate
            CO2
            Taurine
            Hypotaurine
            3-Aminopropanoate
COFACTOR    Pyridoxal phosphate
COMMENT     A pyridoxal-phosphate protein. The brain enzyme also acts on
            L-cysteate, 3-sulfino-L-alanine  and L-aspartate.
PATHWAY     PATH: MAP00251  Glutamate metabolism
            PATH: MAP00252  Alanine and Aspartate metabolism
            PATH: MAP00410  beta-Alanine metabolism
            PATH: MAP00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
            PATH: MAP00650  Butanoate metabolism
DISEASE     MIM: 138275  Glutamate decarboxylase-2 (pancreas)
            MIM: 266100  Glutamate decarboxylase-1, brain (67kD); ?Pyridoxine
                         dependency with seizures (1)
MOTIF       PS: PS00392  S-[LIVMFYW]-x(5)-K-[LIVMFYWG](2)-x(3)-[LIVMFYW]-x-[CA]-
                         x(2)-[LIVMFYW]-x(2)-[RK]
GENES       MJA: MJ0050
            MTH: MTH1116
            ECO: b1493(gadB) b3517(gadA)
            SYN: sll1641(gad)
            HSA: GAD1(GAD) GAD2(Hs.89662) GAD3
DBLINKS     University of Geneva ENZYME DATA BANK: 4.1.1.15
            WIT (What Is There) Metabolic Reconstruction: 4.1.1.15
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