Plant Habit 1. Woody plants (excl. suffrutices) 2. Herbaceous plants (incl. suffrutices) 3. Aquatic plants, leaves floating or submerged 4. Climbers, lianas 5. Chlorophyll absent (parasites or saprophytes) 6. Bulb present (monocots only) 7. Milky juice present 8. Spiny stems or leaves 9. Tendrils present 10. Cladodes or phyllodes (modified branches or petioles) Vestiture 11. Hairs glandular 12. Hairs stellate (also 2-armed, branched and tufted) 13. Hairs stellate (not 2-armed, branched and tufted) 14. Hairs 2-armed or t-shaped, non-glandular 15. Hairs branched 16. Hairs tufted, non-glandular 17. Hairs peltate or scale-like 18. Hairs vesicular or bladder-like 19. Hairs stinging 20. Cystoliths present (dicots only) Leaves 21. Leaves opposite or verticillate 22. Leaves alternate (excl. distichous monocots) 23. Leaves distichous (monocots only) 24. Leaves equitant (e.g. Iris) 25. Leaves peltate 26. Leaves not compound 27. Leaves compound 28. Leaves pinnately compound (4 or more leaflets) 29. Leaves ternately compound (3 leaflets) 30. Leaves palmately compound (4 or more leaflets) 31. Venation pinnate or hardly visible in leaves or leaflets (incl. no. 30) 32. Venation invisible or leaves 1-nerved (monocots only) 33. Venation longitudinal in leaves or leaflets (incl. 3-nerved leaves) 34. Venation palmate in leaves or leaflets 35. Leaves or leaflets with entire margin (without any lobes or teeth) 36. Leaves or leaflets lobed or divided 37. Leaves or leaflets dentate, serrate, crenate, etc. 38. Epidermis of leaf papillose (dicots only) 39. Leaves with pellucid or glandular dots or lines 40. Leaves with a ligule 41. Stipules absent 42. Stipules present (only the scars may be left) Inflorescences 43. Flowers solitary 44. Inflorescence a raceme, simple and monopodial 45. Inflorescence a spike, simple and monopodial 46. Inflorescence a corymb, simple and monopodial 47. Inflorescence an umbel, simple and monopodial 48. Inflorescence a fascicle, simple and monopodial 49. Inflorescence a head, simple and monopodial 50. Inflorescence simple and sympodial (cyme, dichasium etc.) 51. Inflorescence compound, sympodial or monopodial (panicle, thyrsus etc.) Flowers 52. Flowers bisexual 53. Flowers unisexual 54. Flowers actinomorphic 55. Flowers zygomorphic or irregular 56. Receptacle small (ovary superior) 57. Receptacle enlarged, united with the ovary, totally or partially covering it 58. Receptacle enlarged, totally or partially free from the ovary (super. to inf.) 59. Receptacle enlarged, conical or hemispherical (ovaries superior) 60. Disc present (annular or separate glands) 61. Disc absent 62. Perianth segments 0 63. Perianth segments 1 64. Perianth segments 2 65. Perianth segments 3 66. Perianth segments 4 67. Perianth segments 5 68. Perianth segments 6 69. Perianth segments more than 6 70. Perianth of similar segments 71. Perianth of calyx and corolla 72. Sepals 0 (incl. a cupular calyx without lobes) 73. Sepals 1 74. Sepals 2 75. Sepals 3 76. Sepals 4 77. Sepals 5 78. Sepals more than 5 79. Sepals all free from one another 80. Sepals connate (at least two of them) 81. Sepals imbricate or contorted 82. Sepals valvate 83. Petals 0 (incl. a cupular corolla without lobes) 84. Petals 1 85. Petals 2 86. Petals 3 87. Petals 4 88. Petals 5 89. Petals 6 90. Petals 7 91. Petals 8 92. Petals 9 93. Petals 10 94. Petals more than 10 95. Petals all free from one another 96. Petals connate (at least two of them) 97. Petals imbricate 98. Petals contorted 99. Petals valvate 100. Corona present, or scales in the throat 101. Anther 1, fertile 102. Anthers 2, fertile 103. Anthers 3, fertile 104. Anthers 4, fertile 105. Anthers 5, fertile 106. Anthers 6, fertile 107. Anthers 7, fertile 108. Anthers 8, fertile 109. Anthers 9, fertile 110. Anthers 10, fertile 111. Anthers more than 10, fertile 112. Stamens the same number as and opposite the petals or alternate with the sepals 113. Flowers obdiplostemonous 114. Anthers dorsifixed or ventrifixed 115. Anthers basifixed 116. Anthers introrse 117. Anthers extrorse 118. Anthers opening by longitudinal slits 119. Anthers opening by apical pores 120. Anthers opening by valves 121. Anthers 1-locular at anthesis 122. Stamens free from the corolla 123. Stamens inserted on the corolla 124. Filaments not connate 125. Filaments connate into 1 tube or bundle 126. Filaments connate into separate bundles 127. Anthers with a conspicuous appendage 128. Pollen coherent into pollinia or wax-like masses 129. Staminodia present (in male or perfect flowers only) 130. Gynophore 131. Styles absent, stigmas sessile 132. Styles more than 1, free (carpels connate) 133. Style 1, or styles more or less connate (carpels free or connate) 134. Style gynobasic 135. Carpel 1 136. Carpels 2 (free or united) 137. Carpels 3 (free or united) 138. Carpels 4 (free or united) 139. Carpels 5 (free or united) 140. Carpels more than 5 (free or united) 141. Ovary 1-locular (incl. apocarpae) 142. Ovary 2-locular 143. Ovary 3-locular 144. Ovary 4-locular 145. Ovary 5-locular 146. Ovary with more than 5 locules 147. Ovule 1 in each loculus 148. Ovules 2 in each loculus 149. Ovules more than 2 in each loculus 150. Carpels free from each other or carpel 1 151. Ovules parietal, carpels connate 152. Ovules axile, carpels connate 153. Ovules attached to central axis or ventrally if carpels free or if carpel 1 154. Ovules attached to the apex of the ovary 155. Ovules attached to the base of the ovary Fruit 156. Fruit a capsule (incl. pod, follicle etc.) 157. Fruit a nut (incl. achene, loment, schizocarp etc.) 158. Fruit fleshy (berry, drupe, pome) 159. Fruit with 1 seed 160. Fruit with 2 seeds 161. Fruit with more than 2 seeds 162. Fruits with wings 163. Fruits with hairs for dispersal by wind 164. Fruits with retrorsely barbed, hook-like or glochidiate hairs 165. Fruits with spines and hooks 166. Seeds with wings 167. Seeds with hairs 168. Arillus or aril-like organs present 169. Embryo straight 170. Embryo curved 171. Cotyledons folded or crumpled 172. Seeds without endosperm 173. Seeds with endosperm 174. Endosperm ruminate Distribution 175. African 176. Asian 177. Australian and Oceanian 178. European 179. North American 180. South American
