At first solicitor, later botanist. Founder of the cell theory. Author of "Grundzüge der wissenschaftlichen Botanik" (Basic Scientific Botany), the definitive textbook on botany at the middle of the 18^th century. He pointed out that water and not carbon dioxide is split during photosynthesis. It was he, who prompted CARL ZEISS (Jena) to produce microscopes on a commercial basis.

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