XVI International Botanical Congess

Exsiccatae were rather popular during the last century. Today, the number of running series is limited (about 30 fungus exsiccatae are in progress). 'Microfungi exsiccati', issued by D. Triebel and distributed by the Botanische Staatssammlung, started in 1991. It is devoted to microfungi of all phylogenetic groups on a world-wide basis. 7000 specimens in 350 numbers have been handed out already. The material is dispensed on an exchange basis to selected general herbaria in various countries. The labels and notes to the specimens, as well as short communiqués, referring to the distributed material in some way, are published in the journal 'Arnoldia' (see http:// www. botanik. biologie.uni-muenchen.de/botsamml/arnoldia/microfu.html). According to the degree of specialization in respect of the choice of the botanical subject and intention, two types of exsiccatae are distinguished. The role of exsiccatae in general is described, the benefits are explained and the scientific use versus the must of nature protection is balanced. In summary, exsiccatae are - besides of the type system - an important reference system in mycology and botany.