XVI International Botanical Congess

Two speltoid amphidiploids Triticum erebuni Gandil. (2n=28)-T.tauschourarticum with genomic formula DDAuAu and T. boeoticotaushicum Gandil. (2n=28) - AbAbDD have been synthesized. On the grounds of cytogenetic study of meiosis the chromosomes homology between A and D genomes both in T.erebuni and T. boeoticotauschicum has been established. On account of this homology the conjugation between them takes place and bivalents and multivalents are formed. Average frequency of chiasmatas forming is higher in T. erebuni than in T. boeoticotauschicum. The variability of chromosome divergence nature and other types of breaches in the A and other stages are observed in T. boeoticotauschicum to a marked degree. The cytogenetical and morphological studies of amphidiploids have shown that the carriers of Ab and/or Au genomes can be donors of A genome. The most possible donor was T. urartu (Au) as compared to T. boeoticum (Ab). It is doubtful that the synthesis of forms from natural genomes is the most reliable method for revealing of existing species phylogeny problems.