XVI International Botanical Congess

Genetic and cytogenetic investigation of collection alloplasmatical lines of spring and winter wheat BC7-17 on the 45 cytoplasms of species Triticum, Aegilops, Agropyron and etc. were conducted. The collection have numbered nearly 7000 lines various origin and different profundity of backcrosses. Regularity of heretability of elements of yielding at sterile and fertile forms were determinated. The phenomenon of cytoplasmic male sterility at hybridical plants and backcrosses of Triticum aestivum L. on the cytoplasmes of species T.Kiharae, T.timopheevii Zhuk., T.aephiopicum Jakubz., T.spelta L., T.macha Dek. et Men., T.dicoccoides (Koern.) Schweinf. was discovered. Amongst of progenies of combinations T.timipheevii Zhuk. x T.aestivum L. and T.Kiharae x T.aestivum L. were revealed restorers of fertility. Cytogenetic investigations of hybrids and alloplasmatic lines of soft wheat BC6-11 were discovered unstable of processes of meiosis: in MI were observed from 18 to 20 bivalents, 1-7 opening bivalents, from 1 to 5-7 univalents in MI, chromosomal bridges and fall behind chromosomes in AI and AII, micro- and macronucleus in diades and tetrades and etc. The problems of using alloplasmatic lines soft wheat in genetic and breeding programms and in the programms on immunity of plants in region, for selection of high-yielding cultivars discussed.