XVI International Botanical Congess

A real approach to plant production improvement is a regulation of the creation of physiology - genetic active photosynthetic apparatus by crop breeding. Increasing of photosynthetic apparatus activity can be created by a way of photosynthetic tests' elaboration and application and its genetic determination in favorable and limiting environmental conditions. In these connection its necessary systematic study of photosynthetic indexes on different levels of photosynthetic apparatus organization, differentiation of selective collections by photosynthetic tests, revealing of forms - donors of high photosynthetic activity and creation of a model of optimal photosynthetic type wheat plant with high productivity and adaptability to environments. We have characterized 30 photosynthetic indices as tests on productivity and drought adaptability. Based on these indices with using of correlation, combine ability and polygene analysis we have determined four types of winter wheat production processes in watered condtions of South - East of Kazakstan and have conducted search of wheat genotypes with high photosynthetic activity. The new lines of wheat donors and the first productive sort of winter wheat with high photosynthetic activity were revealed and given to State examination.