XVI International Botanical Congess
The complete nucleotide sequence (138,829 bp) of the whisk fern (Psilotum nudum) chloroplast DNA has been determined. It contains 4 rRNA genes and 33 tRNA genes. The tRNA Ser (CGA) gene has not been found in any other chloroplast genome of land plants. Seventy-two protein genes and 9 conserved ORFs are also found. The gene organization shows an intermediate feature between bryophyta and gymnosperm. One of the striking features is the loss of all 3 genes (chlB, chlL, chlN) for light-independent chlorophyll biosynthesis. The overall gene arrangement is similar to that of tobacco, except the 4.5 kbp region from trnT-psbDC-trnG is inversely oriented. Phylogeny of ferns estimated from the gene arrangement will be discussed.