XVI International Botanical Congess

In order to access systematic relationships as well as to further understand the seed structures of Polycarpeae DC.(15 genera, 70 species), a detailed SEM and anatomical studies were conducted. Seeds are very small or small (0.3-4.0 mm). Seed outline (3 types: reniform, cuneate, circular/semicircular), embryo shape (2 types: curved, straight), seed surface pattern (5 types: smooth, cogwheel-like, tuberculate, capitate-tuberculate, polygonal), seed testa structure were especially useful for distinguishing the seed types. The possible dispersal mechanisms for the various types of seed are also briefly discussed. Our results are incorporated in a cladogram, that express our current understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of Polycarpeae.