Common Names
Malaya: podo kebal musang gunong; Sumatra: kayu bulu soma (Asahan, Batak), labu rimba (Sibolga), lanang (Pasamah, Palembang), medang sepaling (Bencoolen), setebal (Banjumasin, Palembang), sibulu somak (Simelungun); W. Java: ki bima, ki putri; Borneo: kebal musang (Tawau), manggilan (Tambunan, Dusun), mengilan (in Sabah, Serudong), salung puteh (on the Merurong Plateau); Philippines: mala almaciga (Tagalog); Celebes: molosambongé=tomblilato (Buladu in N Cel.), tandangguli (Malili); Lesser Sunda Islands: tilu tuna (Flores); Moluccas: damar laki laki (Obi); W New Guinea: augom(m)a (Wariki, Manikiong), bararang (Meos Num, Pom), kabeirefo (Tiwara, Irahutu), mangurif (Biak), mejerka (Sidai, Arfak Sidai), misorvira (Tairi, Borowai), mop (Mandobo), mungkas (Beriat, Tehid), neusuwierie (Esania), nibwau (Andjai, in Kebar Valley), nipa (Kebar), niwob (Kebar), manakasap (Japen, Sambar), nidjet (Sidal, Amberbaken), orsonkobu (Warsamson, Mooi), waramira (Mimika), wok (Nluju); East New Guinea: durwe (Wagu), mewango, mewongo (Maipa village, Mekeo), ososo biri biri (Oomsis), waswayangumi (Waskuk) (2).Taxonomic notes
Syn: Podocarpus latifolius (non Thunb. 1794) Blume 1827; Podocarpus wallichianus Presl 1844; Podocarpus blumei Endl. 1847; Podocarpus agathifolia Blume 1849; Nageia blumei (Endl.) Gordon 1858; Podocarpus latifolia f. ternatensis de Boer 1866; Decussocarpus wallichianus (Presl) de Laub. 1969 (2).Description
"Tree, 10-54 m high, 7-60 cm diam., clear bole to 30 m. Leaves quite variable both on juvenile and adult plants with the larger leaves growing in the shade, 6-14(-23) by 2-5(-9) cm, 2 to at least 6 times as long as broad; petiole 5-10 mm. Pollen cones in groups of up to at least 7 on a 2-10 mm peduncle; mature cone 8-18 by 3-4 mm. Apex of the microsporophyll lanceolate, 2-3 mm long. Seed-bearing structure solitary on a 8 to at least 20 mm peduncle with caducous scales or occasionally reduced leaves. Receptacle with 4-7 sterile, deflexed, slightly enlarged bracts, 7-18 mm long before becoming ripe and fleshy, dark purple or black when ripe. Seed with its covering 15-18 mm diam." (2).Range
India (S extremity of the Deccan Peninsula), Assam; Burma; Thailand; Indochina; China: Yunnan; Malesia: Sumatra, Malaya, Banka I., W Java, Lesser Sunda Islands (Flores), Borneo (incl. Karimata I.), Philippines (Luzon, Sibuyan, Mindoro, Panay, Samar), N & C Celebes, Moluccas (Obi, Ternate, Morotai, Ceram); New Guinea (incl. Meos Num, Biak, Japen, and Normanby Is.). "Scattered and often common in primary rain-forests, nowhere reported gregarious or dominant, from very low elevation (5 m) ascending occasionally as high as 2100 m" (2).Big Tree
Oldest
Dendrochronology
Ethnobotany
"The tree yields a good timber. In Obi planks are used for house construction. In the Fly River area it is used for smaller canoe logs" (2).Observations
Remarks
Listed (as Podocarpus wallichianus) as threatened in Vietnam by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre."Collected in peat-swamps in Sumatra and Borneo, or dry parts of them, in the lowland, in Sarawak on basalt ridges and submontane kerangas, in E. Borneo (G. Beratus) in mossy forest on sandstone, in Sabah in sandy pelawan (Tristania) forest, in New Guinea on clay or sandy ridge forest, sometimes associated at submontane altitude with Anisoptera, Cinnamomum, Sloanea, Castanopsis, or with Araucaria-Podocarpus-Fagaceae at 700 m. In Thailand buttresses are recorded, at Arguni Bay (New Guinea) even high buttresses; this seems to occur occasionally" (2).
Citations
(1) Silba 1986 (as Decussocarpus wallichianus).(2) de Laubenfels 1988.
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This page is from the Gymnosperm Database
URL: http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/2285/po/na/wallichiana.htm
Edited by Christopher J. Earle
E-mail:earlecj@earthlink.net
Last modified on 24-Dec-98