Pinus glabra description

Range map, redrawn from (2).

Pinus glabra Walter 1788

Common Names

Spruce pine, cedar pine, Walter pine.

Taxonomic notes

Description

"Trees to 30m; trunk to 1m diam., straight; crown conic to rounded. Bark gray, fissured and cross-checked into elongate, irregular, scaly plates, resin pockets absent, on upper sections of trunk ± smooth, gray, looking slick. Branches whorled, spreading to ascending; twigs slender, purple-red to red-brown, occasionally glaucous, aging gray, smooth. Buds ovoid to ovoid-cylindric, red-brown, ca. 0.5-1 cm, slightly resinous; scale margins finely fringed. Leaves 2 per fascicle, spreading to ascending, persisting 2-3 years, 4-8(10) cm x 0.7-1.2 mm, straight, slightly twisted, dark green, all surfaces with fine stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex sharply conic; sheath 0.5-1 cm, base persistent. Pollen cones lance-cylindric, 10-15 mm, purple-brown. Seed cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, semipersistent, spreading to recurved, nearly symmetric, lance-ovoid before opening, ovoid-cylindric when open, 3.5-7 cm, red-brown, aging gray, nearly sessile or on stalks to 1 cm, scales lacking contrasting border on adaxial surfaces (as in P. echinata ); apophyses but slightly thickened and raised; umbo central, depressed, unarmed or with small, curved, weak, deciduous, short-incurved prickle. Seeds deltoid-obovoid; body ca. 6 mm, brown, mottled darker; wing to ca. 12 mm. 2 n =24" (1).

Range

USA: South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi & Louisiana on sandy alluvium and mesic woodland in the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains, at 0-150 m elevation (1). See also (3).

Big Tree

Oldest

Dendrochronology

Ethnobotany

Observations

Remarks

" Pinus glabra is more shade tolerant than most yellow pines. The species is similar in tree form to P. strobus . It resembles P. echinata in shoot and leaf but has less prickly cones and deeper green leaves" (1).

Citations

(1) Robert Kral in Flora of North America online .
(2) Burns & Honkala 1990 .

(3) Robert S. Thompson, Katherine H. Anderson and Patrick J. Bartlein. 1999. Atlas of Relations Between Climatic Parameters and Distributions of Important Trees and Shrubs in North America. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1650 A&B. URL= http://greenwood.cr.usgs.gov/pub/ppapers/p1650-a/pages/conifers.html , accessed 22-Jan-2000.